The neurotransmitter

They are chemicals synthesized in the soma whose function is to transmit information from one neuron to another.

These substances are released and undergo a change in chemical concentration which allows neurons to communicate, these chemicals are called neurotransmitters.

To convey this information neurons must go through a space called separating two consecutive synaptic neurons. Neurotransmitters are the most important substances in the synapse. We can say then, that Neurotransmitters are chemical messengers that use nerve cells to communicate with each other.

There are various kinds of neurotransmitters, each with specific functions:

·         Amino Acids

·         Monoamines.

·         Peptides

SINAPSIS

 Is the contact between two neurons or between a neuron and a muscle or gland? In whose touch the nerve impulse occurs. The synapse is that allows neurons communicate with each other, transforming an electrical signal into a chemical.

TYPES OF SINAPSIS

There are two types of synapses

Electrical synapses: The pulses are transmitted from cell to cell, the electric current passes from the presynaptic neuron (neuron that has the pulse) to the postsynaptic neuron (neuron that receives the impulse). The membranes of the two neurons are connected by junctions called GAP, the exchange occurs by the passage of ions from one cell to another communication .so is faster than chemical synapses because occurs directly and do not need chemicals.

Chemical synapses: Here, the pre neuron synaptic and post synaptic are separated by a space called the synaptic cleft, occurs by the secretion of neurotransmitters.